What types of tundish nozzle systems are there?
Category: Company News
Time: 2024-06-05
Structural features: The plunger‑lifting mechanism is typically equipped with a plunger clearance‑elimination device, which ensures that, after repeated use, the center of the plunger remains aligned with the center of the sprue, thereby guaranteeing proper opening and closing of the sprue and accurate control of the molten steel flow rate.
The tundish nozzle systems are mainly of the following types:
Plug-type sprue:
Operating principle: The lifting and lowering of the plug rod drives the plug brick to open or close the nozzle, thereby regulating the flow rate of the molten steel being poured.
Structural features: The plunger‑lifting mechanism is typically equipped with a plunger clearance‑elimination device, which ensures that, after repeated use, the plunger’s center remains aligned with the sprue’s center, thereby guaranteeing proper opening and closing of the sprue and accurate control of molten steel flow.
Application scenarios: In the early days, this type of nozzle was widely used in small-scale foundries or in situations where high precision in molten steel flow control was not critical. However, with the advancement of continuous casting and ladle refining—where prolonged residence times and elevated temperatures in the tundish have become more common—this nozzle design has gradually been replaced by slide‑gate nozzles. Nevertheless, it continues to find limited application in certain specialized small‑scale production settings.
Slide-gate type nozzle:
Working principle: The sliding mechanism is mounted at the bottom of the ladle and consists of an upper nozzle, an upper slide plate, a lower nozzle, and a lower slide plate integrated into the ladle’s bottom lining. By shifting the upper and lower slide plates relative to one another, the upper and lower nozzles can be opened or closed, thereby regulating the flow rate of molten steel.
Structural features: Both installation and maintenance are carried out outside the ladle, which significantly improves working conditions and also accelerates the ladle’s turnover rate.
Application scenario: This is the sprue configuration widely adopted by large-scale foundries and steel mills, particularly suited for continuous casting and ladle refining processes. It meets the requirements for precise control of molten steel flow rate and rapid turnover of tundish ladles.
Quick-change nozzle:
Operating principle: During continuous casting, when a rapid tundish nozzle change is required to meet the demands of uninterrupted pouring, the quick‑change nozzle system enables swift removal and installation of a new nozzle assembly. It typically employs specialized coupling mechanisms and sealing methods, allowing the nozzle to be replaced in a short time and minimizing interruptions to the casting process.
Structural features: It boasts rapid connection and reliable sealing, typically equipped with dedicated locking mechanisms and sealing elements to prevent molten steel leakage during replacement and ensure the newly installed nozzle can be quickly put into service, thereby guaranteeing normal steel pouring.
Application scenarios: Primarily used in continuous casting of slabs and wide‑thick slab billets—applications that demand high casting continuity—this technology effectively boosts production efficiency while minimizing production interruptions and molten steel losses caused by tundish nozzle changes.
In addition, during continuous casting, the tundish–ladle nozzle system also includes the long nozzle and the submerged entry nozzle. The long nozzle is installed at the downstream end of the ladle slide gate to protect the steel flow as it is poured from the ladle into the tundish, thereby preventing direct contact between the molten steel and the atmosphere and reducing secondary oxidation. The submerged entry nozzle is mounted at the bottom of the tundish and extends below the liquid‑steel level in the mold; its primary functions are to prevent secondary oxidation and splashing of the tundish steel stream, to avoid entrainment of mold flux into the molten steel, and to improve the flow characteristics and thermal distribution within the mold.
Keywords: What types of tundish nozzle systems are there?
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